Which feature of an ionization survey meter helps it measure radiation?

An ionization survey meter is specifically designed to detect and measure ionizing radiation. One of its critical features is that it relies on high voltage to operate effectively. When the ionization chamber within the device is subjected to high voltage, it allows the electrons produced by ionizing events (such as gamma rays or X-rays interacting with air or gas within the chamber) to be collected efficiently. This voltage creates an electric field that attracts the ion pairs (positively charged ions and free electrons) generated by the incoming radiation, resulting in a measurable electrical current proportional to the amount of radiation detected.

This operational principle is essential because the ability to accurately measure ionization directly correlates with the radiation levels present. A low voltage would not provide enough energy to separate ion pairs effectively, limiting the survey meter's sensitivity and accuracy. Other options, such as using a pulsed laser or measuring temperature fluctuations, do not relate to the primary function of ionization survey meters in detecting radiation. Therefore, the reliance on high voltage is a fundamental aspect that enables ionization survey meters to measure radiation accurately.